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Diet
 

Seals are carnivores, they eat fish, shrimp, and other animals that they chase out of the water. They grab the fish and swallow them whole. The crabeater seal though gets small krill out of the water with comb-like teeth. Seals have very well developed senses that they use to hunt. Also, seals like to eat squid and octopus because they are easy to swallow because they are slimey. They also will sometimes eat a sea bird if the fish are running low. Though seals are meat eaters they will sometimes eat whatever is thrown to them. Therefor we must make sure that nothing harmful is thrown to them.

Most seals eat fish and sometimes squid. The leopard seal, an Antarctic species, may have the most diverse diet of all, commonly hunting penguins and other seabirds, smaller seals, as well as fish, squid, krill (small shrimplike crustaceans), and other invertebrates, as well as feeding on carcasses of dead whales. Leopard seals sometimes hunt humans, lunging onto ice floes to chase people who are on foot, and also threatening scuba divers underwater.

Sea lions and walruses may occasionally kill and eat other seals, although more commonly sea lions eat fish, and walruses dive to the bottom and dig for clams, worms, crustaceans, and other organisms from the mud. Walruses have a large “mustache” of especially sensitive whiskers, or vibrissae, that help them detect their food on the dark sea floor. A big walrus can eat about 45 kg (about 100 lb) of shellfish in one day.

Crabeater seals of the Antarctic are known to eat fish but are unusual in that they feed primarily on krill using unique branching teeth. The seal’s upper and lower teeth mesh together, forming an efficient sieve that acts similarly to the giant filtering plates of baleen found in krill-eating whales.

 

FOOD PREFERENCES AND RESOURCES

1. Adult harbor seals eat squid, crustaceans, molluscs, and a variety of fish; including, rockfish, herring, flounder, salmon, hake, and sand lance.


2. A harbor seal's diet varies seasonally and regionally and often is subject to local prey availability.


FOOD INTAKE

1. Adult harbor seals eat 5% to 6% of their body weight per day, about 4.5 to 8.2 kg (10-18 lb.).



FEEDING HABITS

1. Harbor seals don't chew their food. They swallow their food whole or tear it into chunks. With their back molars, they crush shells and crustaceans.


Although they have sharp teeth, harbor seals swallow their food whole or tear it into chunks.


FORAGING


1. In dark or low light conditions, a harbor seal uses its sensitive vibrissae to find food.


WATER INTAKE


1. Harbor seals generally obtain the water they need from their food. If food intake is decreased, the metabolic breakdown of fat produces water. The metabolism of 0.45 kg (1 lb.) of fat produces 0.64 kg (1.4 lb.) of water.


 
Facts about Seal
There are 33 species of seal world-wide

Scotland is an important breeding area for grey seals.

The grey seal population is estimated to be increasing by seven per cent a year.

Neither grey seals nor common seals are an endangered species.

Grey seals are larger than common seals, and have a distinctive profile.

Unlike whales and dolphins, seals give birth on land.

Seals are insulated from the cold by a thick layer of blubber.

Grey seals mate on land, but common seals usually mate in water.

Seals have sensitive whiskers that help them to detect prey in murky waters.

As soon as a pup is born, its mother forms a bond with it by smelling and calling to it.

Grey seals have been known to live for 46 years.

Some seal species have been hunted almost to extinction in some parts of the world.

In 1988 phocine distemper virus killed about 33 per cent of all common seals in the North Sea.

Oil spills are thought to cause breathing problems in seals, as well as damage to ears, nose and throat.

Seals are wild animals if approached too closely they will bite.

 
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