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| Diet |
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Seals are carnivores, they eat
fish, shrimp, and other animals
that they chase out of the water.
They grab the fish and swallow them
whole. The crabeater seal though
gets small krill out of the water
with comb-like teeth. Seals have
very well developed senses that
they use to hunt. Also, seals like
to eat squid and octopus because
they are easy to swallow because
they are slimey. They also will
sometimes eat a sea bird if the
fish are running low. Though seals
are meat eaters they will sometimes
eat whatever is thrown to them.
Therefor we must make sure that
nothing harmful is thrown to them.
Most seals eat fish and sometimes
squid. The leopard seal, an Antarctic
species, may have the most diverse
diet of all, commonly hunting penguins
and other seabirds, smaller seals,
as well as fish, squid, krill (small
shrimplike crustaceans), and other
invertebrates, as well as feeding
on carcasses of dead whales. Leopard
seals sometimes hunt humans, lunging
onto ice floes to chase people who
are on foot, and also threatening
scuba divers underwater.
Sea lions and walruses may occasionally
kill and eat other seals, although
more commonly sea lions eat fish,
and walruses dive to the bottom
and dig for clams, worms, crustaceans,
and other organisms from the mud.
Walruses have a large “mustache”
of especially sensitive whiskers,
or vibrissae, that help them detect
their food on the dark sea floor.
A big walrus can eat about 45 kg
(about 100 lb) of shellfish in one
day.
Crabeater seals of the Antarctic
are known to eat fish but are unusual
in that they feed primarily on krill
using unique branching teeth. The
seal’s upper and lower teeth
mesh together, forming an efficient
sieve that acts similarly to the
giant filtering plates of baleen
found in krill-eating whales.
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FOOD PREFERENCES AND
RESOURCES
1. Adult harbor seals eat squid, crustaceans,
molluscs, and a variety of fish; including,
rockfish, herring, flounder, salmon, hake, and
sand lance.
2. A harbor seal's diet varies seasonally and
regionally and often is subject to local prey
availability.
FOOD INTAKE
1. Adult harbor seals eat 5% to 6% of their
body weight per day, about 4.5 to 8.2 kg (10-18
lb.).
FEEDING HABITS
1. Harbor seals don't chew their food. They
swallow their food whole or tear it into chunks.
With their back molars, they crush shells and
crustaceans.
Although they have sharp teeth, harbor seals
swallow their food whole or tear it into chunks.
FORAGING
1. In dark or low light conditions, a harbor
seal uses its sensitive vibrissae to find food.
WATER INTAKE
1. Harbor seals generally obtain the water they
need from their food. If food intake is decreased,
the metabolic breakdown of fat produces water.
The metabolism of 0.45 kg (1 lb.) of fat produces
0.64 kg (1.4 lb.) of water.
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| Facts about Seal |
| There are 33 species of seal world-wide
Scotland is an important breeding area for grey seals.
The grey seal population is estimated to be increasing by seven per cent a year.
Neither grey seals nor common seals are an endangered species.
Grey seals are larger than common seals, and have a distinctive profile.
Unlike whales and dolphins, seals give birth on land.
Seals are insulated from the cold by a thick layer of blubber.
Grey seals mate on land, but common seals usually mate in water.
Seals have sensitive whiskers that help them to detect prey in murky waters.
As soon as a pup is born, its mother forms a bond with it by smelling and calling to it.
Grey seals have been known to live for 46 years.
Some seal species have been hunted almost to extinction in some parts of the world.
In 1988 phocine distemper virus killed about 33 per cent of all common seals in the North Sea.
Oil spills are thought to cause breathing problems in seals, as well as damage to ears, nose and throat.
Seals are wild animals if approached too closely they will bite. |
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